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26/08/2026

🧠 CT Angiography of the Head & Neck — Arterial Anatomy

A beautiful 3D CTA reconstruction demonstrating the major arterial vessels from the aortic arch to the cerebral circulation. 🩻✨

👨‍⚕️ Know the anatomy. Recognize the abnormality. Report with confidence. 🧠🔍

22/08/2026

CO**HA BULLOSA — An Important Sinonasal Anatomical Variant

Co**ha bullosa refers to pneumatization (air filling) of the middle nasal turbinate. It is a relatively common anatomical variant and is best appreciated on coronal and axial CT of the paranasal sinuses.

🔍 What should we look for on CT?
• Air-filled expansion of the middle turbinate
• Assess its size and extent of pneumatization
• Check for narrowing of the middle meatus
• Evaluate its relationship with the ostiomeatal complex (OMC)
• Look for associated mucosal thickening or obstruction of adjacent sinus drainage pathways

⚠️ Clinical significance:
A small co**ha bullosa is often an incidental finding. However, a large or extensively pneumatized middle turbinate may contribute to narrowing of the nasal cavity or OMC and can be associated with impaired sinus drainage and recurrent sinonasal symptoms.

📚 Radiology Tip:
When reporting co**ha bullosa, don't simply mention its presence. Assess whether it causes significant narrowing or obstruction of adjacent drainage pathways and whether there are associated inflammatory changes.

🧠 Remember:
Co**ha bullosa = pneumatized middle turbinate — an anatomical variant that becomes clinically relevant mainly when it contributes to obstruction.

⚠️ Important Note for Radiology Professionals:
Interpret the finding in conjunction with the patient's clinical symptoms and the overall sinonasal anatomy. The mere presence of co**ha bullosa does not establish chronic rhinosinusitis or prove it is the cause of symptoms.

**haBullosa

20/08/2026

🫁 CHEST PATHOLOGIES MADE EASY | A RADIOLOGY VISUAL GUIDE

In this post, we have highlighted 7 important thoracic and diaphragmatic pathologies and their characteristic imaging appearances:

🔹 Diaphragmatic Hernia
Herniation of abdominal contents through a defect in the diaphragm into the thoracic cavity.
🔹Hiatal Hernia
Herniation of part of the stomach through the esophageal hiatus into the thorax, often appearing as a retrocardiac opacity or lucency.
🔹 Diaphragmatic Eventration
Abnormal elevation and smooth bulging of an intact hemidiaphragm due to weakness or thinning of the diaphragmatic muscle.
🔹 Morgagni Hernia
An anterior diaphragmatic hernia occurring near the cardiophrenic angle, most commonly on the right side.
🔹 Bochdalek Hernia
A posterolateral diaphragmatic defect, typically left-sided, through which abdominal or retroperitoneal contents may herniate into the thorax.
🔹 Intercostal Lung Hernia
Protrusion of lung tissue through a defect in the thoracic wall, often presenting as a focal peripheral bulge beyond the normal thoracic cage.
🔹 Pneumothorax
Presence of air within the pleural space, causing separation of the visceral pleura from the chest wall and loss of peripheral lung markings.

🩻 Radiology Tip:
When reviewing a chest X-ray, carefully assess the diaphragmatic contours, cardiophrenic angles, retrocardiac region, pleural margins, costophrenic angles, and peripheral lung markings. Subtle abnormalities in these areas can provide important diagnostic clues.

⚠️ Important Note for Radiology Professionals:
These imaging appearances are provided for educational purposes. Always correlate findings with the clinical presentation and, when required, use CT for further anatomical characterization and confirmation.

📚 Recognize the finding → Understand the anatomy → Consider the differential → Correlate clinically.

Save 📌 this guide for revision and share it with your radiology colleagues! 👨‍⚕️👩‍⚕️

15/08/2026

🧠✨ BRAIN ANATOMY —
How well do you know the sagittal anatomy of the brain? 🧠🔍
In this short video, we have highlighted the major anatomical structures of the brain one by one, using different colours to make identification easier, clearer, and more memorable. 🎨🧠
From the cerebral lobes, corpus callosum, thalamus and hypothalamus to the brainstem and cerebellum, understanding the location and relationships of these structures is essential for accurate interpretation of CT and MRI.

🎯 Why is this important in Radiology?
A strong foundation in normal neuroanatomy helps us recognize subtle anatomical variations and identify pathological changes with greater confidence.

📚 Radiology Learning Tip:
Don’t just memorize the names! Try to identify each structure on axial, sagittal, and coronal CT/MRI images and understand its anatomical relationships.

⚠️ Important Note for Radiology Professionals:
This content is intended for educational and revision purposes only. Always correlate imaging findings with the appropriate imaging plane, MRI sequence, clinical history, and professional radiological interpretation.

🧠 Learn • Share • Grow
Save this video for your next neuroanatomy revision! 🔖📖

10/08/2026

🐕‍🦺 THE SCOTTY DOG SIGN — LUMBAR SPINE OBLIQUE X-RAY

Have you ever noticed a little “Scotty Dog” 🐕 hiding in the lumbar spine on an oblique radiograph?

The Scotty Dog sign is a classic radiographic appearance seen on oblique lumbar spine X-rays, where the posterior elements of the vertebra form the shape of a dog.

🔍 Anatomical landmarks:
• Eye → Pedicle
• Ear → Superior articular process
• Nose → Transverse process
• Neck → Pars interarticularis (isthmus)
• Front leg → Inferior articular process
• Hind leg → Contralateral inferior articular process
• Body → Lamina & spinous process

⚠️ Important Radiology Note:
A lucent line through the “neck” of the Scotty Dog may represent spondylolysis (pars interarticularis defect). Careful assessment of the pars is therefore important when reviewing oblique lumbar spine radiographs.

📚 Radiology Learning Tip:
The Scotty Dog sign is an excellent way to learn and remember the posterior element anatomy of the lumbar vertebrae. Always correlate the radiographic appearance with the clinical history and other imaging findings.

💡 Learn the anatomy → Recognize the sign → Identify pathology.

30/07/2026

🧠 MRI Brain Anatomy Series | Axial T1-Weighted Images 🧠
Mastering surface anatomy on axial MRI is one of the most important skills for every radiologist, radiographer, neurology resident, and medical student. Accurate identification of cortical gyri helps in lesion localization, functional brain mapping, stroke assessment, epilepsy evaluation, and pre-surgical planning.
📍 Structures Highlighted in This Series: 🔹Superior Frontal Gyrus
🔹Middle Frontal Gyrus
🔹Precentral Gyrus (Primary Motor Cortex)
🔹"Hand K**b" (Omega Sign) – Landmark for the Hand Motor Area
🔹Postcentral Gyrus (Primary Somatosensory Cortex)
🔹 Superior Parietal
💡 Clinical Importance:
✅ Localize cortical infarcts accurately.
✅ Differentiate motor and sensory cortex during MRI interpretation.
✅ Essential for brain tumor localization and surgical planning.
✅ Valuable in epilepsy mapping and functional neuroimaging.
✅ Improves confidence in cross-sectional neuroanatomy.
📚 Radiology Professional Note:
🔹 Always identify the Central Sulcus first—it is the key landmark separating the Precentral (Motor) and Postcentral (Sensory) gyri.
🔹 The Hand K**b (Omega Sign) is a reliable MRI landmark for locating the primary motor hand area and is particularly useful when assessing small cortical infarcts or planning neurosurgical procedures.
🔹 Learn to recognize cortical anatomy using multiple planes (Axial, Coronal, and Sagittal) for accurate lesion localization. 🔹 Correlate imaging findings with the patient's neurological deficits for precise diagnosis.

🎯 Question for You: Can you confidently identify the Central Sulcus on an axial MRI without labels? Let us know in the comments! 👇🧠

❤️ Follow Radiology Buzz for more high-quality radiology anatomy, MRI, CT, X-ray cases, and educational content.

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17/07/2026

🦴✨ PATELLOFEMORAL JOINT ANATOMY ON AXIAL (SUNRISE/SKYLINE) KNEE X-RAY ✨🦴
Understanding the normal anatomy of the patellofemoral joint is essential before identifying pathology. This axial (sunrise/skyline) view clearly demonstrates the relationship between the patella and the femoral trochlea, helping evaluate alignment, instability, fractures, and degenerative changes.

💡 Clinical Importance: This projection is invaluable in assessing:
🔹Patellar fractures
🔹Patellofemoral osteoarthritis 🔹Patellar instability & dislocation
🔹Chondromalacia patella
🔹Trochlear dysplasia
🔹Patellar tracking abnormalities

💬 Save this post, share it with your colleagues, and keep learning every day! ❤️📖

09/07/2026

🫀Cardiac Chambers on Chest X-ray | PA & Lateral View 🩻
Understanding the normal cardiac chamber anatomy on a chest X-ray is a fundamental skill for every radiologist, radiographer, and medical student. Correct identification of the cardiac borders helps in recognizing cardiomegaly, chamber enlargement, congenital heart diseases, and other cardiovascular pathologies.

💡 Radiology Pearl:
Never interpret the heart in isolation. Evaluate the airway, lungs, pleura, mediastinum, bones, soft tissues, and diaphragms in a systematic approach to avoid missing important findings.

❓ Quick Quiz:
Which cardiac chamber forms the majority of the anterior cardiac border on the lateral chest X-ray? 🤔👇
A️⃣ Right Atrium
B️⃣ Right Ventricle
C️⃣ Left Atrium
D️⃣ Left Ventricle

💬 Drop your answer in the comments!
📚 Follow Radiology Buzz for daily radiology cases, anatomy, imaging pearls, quizzes, and reporting tips.
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08/07/2026

🩻 Radiology Quiz – Cervical Spine X-ray
Can you identify the fracture shown on this cervical spine X-rays.
💬 Comment your answer below before checking the explanation.
🔍 Test your radiology knowledge and challenge your colleagues!
📚 The correct answer with key imaging findings, mechanism of injury, and clinical significance will be shared in the next post.

07/07/2026

Heel Spurs & Calcaneal Variants: More Than Just Heel Pain!

📸 Lateral foot radiographs can demonstrate a variety of calcaneal abnormalities, including plantar calcaneal spurs, retrocalcaneal spurs, Haglund deformity, plantar fascia calcification, and Achilles tendon ossification.

🔍 Radiology Pearl:
Not every heel spur is symptomatic, and the size of a spur does not necessarily correlate with the patient's pain. Always correlate imaging findings with clinical symptoms before attributing heel pain to a calcaneal spur.

🩺 Reporting Tip:
✔ Identify the exact location of the spur (plantar vs retrocalcaneal).
✔ Look for associated soft tissue calcifications or Achilles tendon abnormalities.
✔ Avoid overcalling incidental findings as the primary cause of symptoms.
💬 Which of these calcaneal findings do you encounter most often in your daily reporting?


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