Pre-Vocational Anaesthetics & Critical Care Society

Pre-Vocational Anaesthetics & Critical Care Society An interest group for medical students and JMOs about anaesthetics, critical care, and pain medicine!

How are you administrating fluids to your patient? Hereโ€™s a revision about total body water and the factors that affect ...
02/06/2026

How are you administrating fluids to your patient? Hereโ€™s a revision about total body water and the factors that affect its distribution. ๐Ÿ’ฆ๐Ÿ’ฆ๐Ÿ’ฆ

๐Ÿ’‰โšก ๐— ๐—ฎ๐—ด๐—ป๐—ฒ๐˜€๐—ถ๐˜‚๐—บ โšก๐Ÿ’‰An essential cofactor in hundreds of cellular processes, magnesium plays a key role in:โ€ข neuromuscular tr...
25/05/2026

๐Ÿ’‰โšก ๐— ๐—ฎ๐—ด๐—ป๐—ฒ๐˜€๐—ถ๐˜‚๐—บ โšก๐Ÿ’‰
An essential cofactor in hundreds of cellular processes, magnesium plays a key role in:
โ€ข neuromuscular transmission ๐Ÿ’ช
โ€ข cardiac conduction โค๏ธ
โ€ข CNS activity ๐Ÿง 

In anaesthesia, magnesium can potentiate neuromuscular blockers and other CNS depressants โ€” while also being used therapeutically in conditions such as eclampsia, torsades, and severe asthma โš ๏ธ

๐Ÿง‚Sodium - the electrolyte that keeps everyone interested. Here are a few pages about its distribution and regulation.
18/05/2026

๐Ÿง‚Sodium - the electrolyte that keeps everyone interested. Here are a few pages about its distribution and regulation.

๐Ÿ’™๐Ÿ’‰ ๐—ง๐—ต๐—ฎ๐—ป๐—ธ ๐˜†๐—ผ๐˜‚ ๐—ง๐—ผ๐˜„๐—ป๐˜€๐˜ƒ๐—ถ๐—น๐—น๐—ฒ ๐—จ๐—ป๐—ถ๐˜ƒ๐—ฒ๐—ฟ๐˜€๐—ถ๐˜๐˜† ๐—›๐—ผ๐˜€๐—ฝ๐—ถ๐˜๐—ฎ๐—น! ๐Ÿ’‰๐Ÿ’™On May 7th, we ran our first Ultrasound-Guided Cannulation Workshop of th...
18/05/2026

๐Ÿ’™๐Ÿ’‰ ๐—ง๐—ต๐—ฎ๐—ป๐—ธ ๐˜†๐—ผ๐˜‚ ๐—ง๐—ผ๐˜„๐—ป๐˜€๐˜ƒ๐—ถ๐—น๐—น๐—ฒ ๐—จ๐—ป๐—ถ๐˜ƒ๐—ฒ๐—ฟ๐˜€๐—ถ๐˜๐˜† ๐—›๐—ผ๐˜€๐—ฝ๐—ถ๐˜๐—ฎ๐—น! ๐Ÿ’‰๐Ÿ’™

On May 7th, we ran our first Ultrasound-Guided Cannulation Workshop of the year at Townsville University Hospital ๐Ÿฉบ๐Ÿ“ Thank you to all those who attended, and we extend our gratitude to our fantastic facilitators for sharing their time, expertise, and practical tips to help attendees build confidence with ultrasound-guided vascular access ๐Ÿ‘๐Ÿ’‰

Keep an eye out for more PVACCS workshops and teaching events coming to a hospital near you soon ๐Ÿ‘€

Calcium: small shifts, major effects โšก๐ŸฆดThe bodyโ€™s major extracellular cation, calcium is essential for:โ€ข neuromuscular f...
11/05/2026

Calcium: small shifts, major effects โšก๐Ÿฆด

The bodyโ€™s major extracellular cation, calcium is essential for:
โ€ข neuromuscular function ๐Ÿ’ช
โ€ข cardiac electrophysiology โค๏ธ
โ€ข coagulation ๐Ÿฉธ
โ€ข intracellular signalling ๐Ÿ“ก

Only ionised calcium is physiologically active โ€” and even small disturbances can have major clinical consequences โš ๏ธ

Electrolytes. Your day-to-day, bread and butter electrolyte. Hereโ€™s a fresher for its pathophysiology and management of ...
03/05/2026

Electrolytes. Your day-to-day, bread and butter electrolyte. Hereโ€™s a fresher for its pathophysiology and management of abnormalities.

๐Ÿคข ๐—”๐—ป๐˜๐—ถ-๐—ฒ๐—บ๐—ฒ๐˜๐—ถ๐—ฐ๐˜€ ๐ŸคขNausea and vomiting are mediated via multiple pathwaysโ€”targeting different receptors allows for more eff...
27/04/2026

๐Ÿคข ๐—”๐—ป๐˜๐—ถ-๐—ฒ๐—บ๐—ฒ๐˜๐—ถ๐—ฐ๐˜€ ๐Ÿคข
Nausea and vomiting are mediated via multiple pathwaysโ€”targeting different receptors allows for more effective prophylaxis and treatment.

Key options:
โ€ข 5-HT3 antagonists (ondansetron) โ€“ first-line, well tolerated
โ€ข D2 antagonists (droperidol, metoclopramide) โ€“ central ยฑ prokinetic
โ€ข H1 antagonists (cyclizine) โ€“ vestibular component
โ€ข Dexamethasone โ€“ prevention, not rescue
โ€ข Others (anticholinergics, GABA agonists) โ€“ adjuncts

Swipe to learn more! โžก๏ธ

The physiology of nausea and vomiting - reasons behind why we use multi-modal anti-emetics, and how each trigger factor ...
21/04/2026

The physiology of nausea and vomiting - reasons behind why we use multi-modal anti-emetics, and how each trigger factor can cause n/v.

๐—Ÿ๐—ผ๐˜„๐—ฒ๐—ฟ ๐—ผ๐—ฒ๐˜€๐—ผ๐—ฝ๐—ต๐—ฎ๐—ด๐—ฒ๐—ฎ๐—น ๐˜€๐—ฝ๐—ต๐—ถ๐—ป๐—ฐ๐˜๐—ฒ๐—ฟ ๐˜๐—ผ๐—ป๐—ฒThe lower oesophageal sphincter acts as a pressure barrier to prevent gastric reflux, ma...
13/04/2026

๐—Ÿ๐—ผ๐˜„๐—ฒ๐—ฟ ๐—ผ๐—ฒ๐˜€๐—ผ๐—ฝ๐—ต๐—ฎ๐—ด๐—ฒ๐—ฎ๐—น ๐˜€๐—ฝ๐—ต๐—ถ๐—ป๐—ฐ๐˜๐—ฒ๐—ฟ ๐˜๐—ผ๐—ป๐—ฒ
The lower oesophageal sphincter acts as a pressure barrier to prevent gastric reflux, maintained by intrinsic smooth muscle tone and diaphragmatic support โ†•๏ธ When barrier pressure falls, aspiration risk risesโ€”especially under anaesthesia.

Key modifiers include:
โ€ข drugs (anaesthetics, anticholinergics, prokinetics)
โ€ข hormones (e.g. progesterone, gastrin)
โ€ข patient factors (age, pregnancy, obesity)
โ€ข mechanical factors (hiatus hernia, positioning)

Understanding these factors is essential for perioperative risk assessment and airway planning ๐Ÿซ

Gastric emptying: a key determinant of aspiration risk in anaesthesia.Gastric emptying is a dynamic, tightly regulated p...
05/04/2026

Gastric emptying: a key determinant of aspiration risk in anaesthesia.
Gastric emptying is a dynamic, tightly regulated process driven primarily by antral contractility and modulated by pyloric resistance, neural input, and hormonal feedback from the duodenum.
While fasting guidelines provide a framework, they do not account for important clinical modifiers such as:
โ€ข meal composition
โ€ข opioid use
โ€ข pain and stress
โ€ข pregnancy
โ€ข sepsis and metabolic disease
Understanding these mechanisms is essential for risk stratification and safe perioperative decision-making.

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