07/09/2026
☢️ Types of Dental X-rays and Their Diagnostic Value
In clinical practice, radiographic examination is a fundamental tool for detecting pathologies that are not visible to the naked eye. Each technique offers a specific anatomical perspective depending on the clinical objective:
* Panoramic radiograph (orthopantomography): Provides a two-dimensional overview of the jaws, teeth, maxillary sinuses, and temporomandibular joints (TMJ). It is key in orthodontic studies, oral surgery, evaluation of impacted teeth, and implant planning.
* Occlusal radiograph: Covers almost the entire dental arch from a projection perpendicular to the bite plane. It is the examination of choice for locating impacted teeth, root fragments, cysts, or calculus in the submandibular salivary ducts.
* Periapical radiograph: Allows observation of the entire tooth from the crown to the root apex and the surrounding periapical bone. It is indispensable in endodontics, periodontics, and in the detection of periapical pathologies such as granulomas or abscesses.
* Bitewing (interproximal) radiograph: This image focuses on the crowns and alveolar ridges of both the maxilla and mandible in a single scan. It is the gold standard for the early diagnosis of incipient interdental caries and the monitoring of periodontal bone loss.
👉 The combination of an appropriate radiographic technique and correct clinical interpretation guarantees early diagnosis and more precise and conservative treatments.