13/07/2026
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10840669/. Sun exposure has been associated with melanoma and people are strongly encouraged to use sunscreens. However, most people don't realise that the overwhelming majority of cases of melanoma do not occur on skin typically exposed to sunlight: you may be surprised to hear that approximately 75% of cases are found in unexposed locations, such as the bottom of the foot.
Research also suggests that melanoma decreases with more sun exposure and that the use of sunscreens does not decrease its incidence. In fact, a uk study involving over 470,000 people found that individuals who reported using sunscreen more frequently had substantially higher risk of multiple skin cancers — even after researchers accounted for major confounding factors like age, s*x, skin type, tanning ability, sunburn history, sunlamp use, and time spent outdoors.
A history of sunburn however does appear to be associated with melanoma, but there is little to suggest that moderate amounts of tanning are a factor, and much to indicate that it may be beneficial. Why so? Vitamin D3! D3 is created by the interaction of ultraviolet B radiation and cholesterol on or near the skin's surface. It then migrates through the skin's layers into the bloodstream and is stored in tissues and the liver, to be drawn upon when levels are low. Getting sunshine in the summer builds on these stores ready for winter. Diet is also a source of Vit D3 although it can be challenging to get enough through most conventional diets.
Avoiding sun exposure around midday reduces the risk of burning and taking a graded approach to exposure allows your body to build up its own sunscreen in the form of melanin. There are also some oils that have a natural SPF which also nourish the skin, meaning it is less likely to become damaged. At Wight Herbal Medicine we make a body butter that contains butters (which both have an SPF of around 4 and 6 respectively) alongside raspberry seed oil which has been shown in studies to achieve an SPF of nearly 20.
Despite well-established relationships between sun exposure and skin cancer pathogenesis/progression, specific gene-environment interactions in at-risk individuals remain poorly-understood. We leveraged a UK Biobank cohort of basal cell carcinoma ...