23/08/2019
BAT KOL - The Prophecy that never ended
In many stories about our righteous sages, we meet some "BAT KOL". In some cases BAT KOL reveal the correct decision from Above, or voicing out certain global messages to the righteous ones. But, those mentiones are not accompanied by any explanation - and are only used as term, describing some messages from Above.
Let's see what we can find about this phenomenon in the our holy books ...
The writings of the first Kabbalists mention that the ability to perceive the messages of BAT KOL - is one of the initial stages on the path of the prophet. BAT KOL actually is a "mini-prophecy."
Our sages explain: one of the reasons to the name "BAT KOL" is that this is a daughter (bat) of an echo (kol). That means, that the messages from Above, voiced out through Bat Kol - are not coming in a direct maner, but rather from one (essay) - you hear another. [Tosfot in Sanhedrin page 11, Shmot Raba 28-29, Shir aShirim Raba]
One more reason to the name of this phenomenon was that the messages of BAT KOL are actually - mini-prophecy. Bat (daughter) when compated to the Kol (the Voice Of G-d, a true prophecy).
Some sages relate the word “Bat” to the Hebrew root of “Beat”, because the Messages of the Bat Kol are flowing in a harmonious rhythm. (Hamra veHei Sanhedrin page 11). When used with this meaning - the name "Bat Kol" related as a male gender.
When Rabbi Yosef Pinto was asked why Bat (daughter) Kol and not Ben (son) - he replied that he did not hear the reason, but the fact is that this is a tradition (coming from Moses). At the same time, he mentioned that he met the use of the concept “Bat Kol” in both masculine and feminine gender. (SHUT RIF, at the beginning)
In Kabbalah, the distinction between the male and female gender of Bat Kol is explained by its kind of an activity. Masculine activity: The message is involuntarily imposed to the listener. Feminine activity (passive message): The message is audible only to someone who intentionally wanted to hear and listened.
Messages Bat Kohl - are always heard by a person in his native (understandable) language. (RASHI on Sota page 33, Eruvin Page 54b, RASHI on Taanit page 21b)
An example of one of the varieties of Bat Kol could be clearly heard phrase (for example, from the street), said (shouted) as if by a person, but the person himself is not seen. (RASHI on Mishnu in Yabamot 122)
Our sages allow practical usage of Bat Kol (Megila page 32, Talmud Yerushalmi Shabbat section 6 halacha 9): If in his mind a person decided to start some business and heard a voice (from somewhere): Do it! or Don’t do it! - he can safely follow the advice. And such behavior does not fall under the restrict of "nihush" (the prohibition of fortune-telling) (RASHI and Tosphot, Megilah 32)
As an illustration, the following story from the Talmud can be cited:
Rabbi Yochanan and Rabbi Shimon Ben Lakish wished to go to Shmuel in Babylon. They said to themselves: we’ll listen to the advice of Bat Kol. When they walked near the school, they heard from the windows the voice of students learning the words from the book of the prophet Shmuel (Shmuel 1 28: 3): "And Shmuel died ..." The sages took this as a sign and canceled the trip to Babylon. Later it turned out that they weren't wrong. (Talmud Yerushalmi Shabbat section 6 halacha 9)
However, in everything that concerns Halacha (The Jewish Law), one could not rely on Bat Kol! The privilege to enact Torah's Law was given to the sages, by the will of the Creator Himself, who lowered the Torah from Heaven to Earth. And on earth it should be. "Lo beshamaim hi" - The Torah is not in the skies.