Medical Lab Scientist - MLS

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Medical Laboratory Scientist - MLS is a healthcare professional who performs chemical, hematological, immunologic, histopathological, cytopathological, microscopic, and bacteriological diagnostic analyses on body fluids such as blood, urine, sputum, stool, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), peritoneal fluid, pericardial fluid, and synovial fluid, as well as other specimens. Medical laboratory scientists w

ork in clinical laboratories at hospitals, reference labs, biotechnology labs and non-clinical industrial labs.

Free vs Total Thyroid Hormones ExplainedFree T3 and Free T4 measure the unbound hormone available for tissue action. Tot...
14/08/2026

Free vs Total Thyroid Hormones Explained

Free T3 and Free T4 measure the unbound hormone available for tissue action. Total T3 and Total T4 include both free and protein-bound hormone. Understanding this difference helps you interpret thyroid function tests more accurately, especially when TSH, binding proteins, or thyroid disease affect the report.

Bilirubin Test Explained 🧪High indirect bilirubin :- think hemolysis or Gilbert syndrome.High direct bilirubin :- thin...
14/08/2026

Bilirubin Test Explained 🧪

High indirect bilirubin :- think hemolysis or Gilbert syndrome.

High direct bilirubin :- think cholestasis or bile duct obstruction.

Both high :- consider hepatocellular disease or mixed causes.

Always interpret bilirubin with LFTs and the clinical picture.

Fever? Which Lab Test Should You Order?Fever is a symptom, not a diagnosis. Start with CBC + CRP, then choose targeted t...
14/08/2026

Fever? Which Lab Test Should You Order?

Fever is a symptom, not a diagnosis. Start with CBC + CRP, then choose targeted testing based on suspected infection, symptoms, exposure history, and illness duration. Common fever workups include blood culture, malaria testing, dengue testing, urinalysis and urine culture, plus symptom-based investigations.

DIABETIC vs VENOUS vs ARTERIAL ULCERSCompare ulcer location, clinical clues, laboratory workup, infection testing, HbA1c...
14/08/2026

DIABETIC vs VENOUS vs ARTERIAL ULCERS

Compare ulcer location, clinical clues, laboratory workup, infection testing, HbA1c, CRP, ESR, wound culture, antimicrobial susceptibility, ABI, and Doppler assessment. A practical guide to distinguishing diabetic, venous, and arterial ulcers.

Normal urine output in adults is approximately:A. 500 mL/dayB. 1000 mL/dayC. 1500 mL/dayD. 3000 mL/day
13/08/2026

Normal urine output in adults is approximately:
A. 500 mL/day
B. 1000 mL/day
C. 1500 mL/day
D. 3000 mL/day

THE LINK BETWEEN DIABETES AND KIDNEY DISEASEHigh blood sugar can damage kidney filters.Early kidney disease often has no...
13/08/2026

THE LINK BETWEEN DIABETES AND KIDNEY DISEASE

High blood sugar can damage kidney filters.

Early kidney disease often has no symptoms.

Check:
• UACR
• eGFR
• Blood pressure

Types of Arthritis: 6 Common Types ExplainedArthritis is not one single disease. Osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, g...
13/08/2026

Types of Arthritis: 6 Common Types Explained

Arthritis is not one single disease. Osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis, and reactive arthritis differ in causes, symptoms, and affected joints. Learn the key differences and why early diagnosis matters.

ELISA vs PCR 🧪ELISA detects antigens or antibodies, while PCR detects DNA or RNA.ELISA: • Useful for antigen and antibod...
13/08/2026

ELISA vs PCR 🧪

ELISA detects antigens or antibodies, while PCR detects DNA or RNA.

ELISA:
• Useful for antigen and antibody detection
• Tests many samples at once
• Often simpler and less expensive

PCR:
• Detects genetic material
• Highly sensitive and specific
• Useful for early infection detection

Key difference:
ELISA :- Antigens / Antibodies
PCR :- DNA / RNA

Amoeba vs Giardia 🦠Entamoeba histolytica :- Colon, dysentery, blood in stoolGiardia duodenalis :- Small intestine, grea...
13/08/2026

Amoeba vs Giardia 🦠

Entamoeba histolytica :- Colon, dysentery, blood in stool
Giardia duodenalis :- Small intestine, greasy diarrhea, bloating

Key clues:
• Amoeba: RBCs inside trophozoites
• Giardia: 2 nuclei + flagella
• Both spread by the fecal-oral route

Clotting Time (CT): Test, Method & Normal RangeClotting Time (CT) measures how long blood takes to form a clot. This inf...
13/08/2026

Clotting Time (CT): Test, Method & Normal Range

Clotting Time (CT) measures how long blood takes to form a clot. This infographic covers the CT test, Lee-White method, specimen, procedure, normal range, factors affecting results, clinical significance, and related coagulation tests.

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