06/09/2026
How much Vitamin D do I need?
Sadly, it’s probably a lot more than we’re led to believe. People have been writing about this issue for years and yet the official recommendations have not been updated.
One of the foundational studies by the Canadian Institute of Medicine (IOM) (Del Valle et al., 2011) used for the recommendations of dietary allowance of vitamin D, was statistically flawed. Shockingly, this is old news, as the researchers Veugelers & Ekwaru published their paper discussing this mistake in 2014, which was followed-up by Heaney et al. in 2015 and Papadimitriou in 2017. The statistical error in the Canadian IOM study was to use the average of a group of studies rather than the average of the individuals within these various studies. In this manner, they estimated that 600IU of Vitamin D was needed to give 97.5% of people a target serum Vitamin D of 63nmol/L. However, this calculation was achieved incorrectly and the actual value from their recommended 600IU would only give an estimated 26.8nmol/L of serum vitamin D. Veugelers & Ekwaru (2014) calculated that you would need approximately 8,895IU to obtain around 50nmol/L or more of serum Vitamin D (25-hydroxy-D) in 97.5% of people.
This is well above the recommended 400IU/day for adults in NZ (bpac https://bpac.org.nz/2025/vitamind.aspx), with 50,000IU/month (1 capsule) for 2-3 months recommended for moderate to severe deficiency. The upper limit of 4000UI/day of vitamin D in these recommendations likely needs a review as well, as many studies have reported no adverse at 10,000IU (of D3) or below.
Additionally, sunseeking behaviour appears protective for all-cause mortality risk (Lindqvist et al., 2016). Whereby, Lindqvist demonstrated that although higher sun exposure is linked to higher risk of skin cancer, it is also associated with a lower risk of dying from any cause, including skin cancers.
References
Del Valle, H. B., Yaktine, A. L., Taylor, C. L., & Ross, A. C. (Eds.). (2011). Dietary reference intakes for calcium and vitamin D. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK56056/?report=reader
Heaney, R., Garland, C., Baggerly, C., French, C., & Gorham, E. (2015). Letter to Veugelers, PJ and Ekwaru, JP, A Statistical Error in the Estimation of the Recommended Dietary Allowance for Vitamin D. Nutrients 2014, 6, 4472–4475; doi: 10.3390/nu6104472. Nutrients, 7(3), 1688-1690. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu7031688
Lindqvist, P. G., Epstein, E., Nielsen, K., Landin‐Olsson, M., Ingvar, C., & Olsson, H. (2016). Avoidance of sun exposure as a risk factor for major causes of death: A competing risk analysis of the Melanoma in Southern Sweden cohort. Journal of internal medicine, 280(4), 375-387. https://doi.org/10.1111/joim.12496
Papadimitriou, D. T. (2017). The big vitamin D mistake. Journal of preventive medicine and public health, 50(4), 278. https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.16.111
Veugelers, P. J., & Ekwaru, J. P. (2014). A statistical error in the estimation of the recommended dietary allowance for vitamin D. Nutrients, 6(10), 4472-4475. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu6104472