09/11/2020
LUNG CANCER AWARENESS MONTH - lung cancer as a whole is unfortunately common with 46k people a year being diagnosed. However, this common cancer has some very rare subtypes which are often overlooked.
There are 2 main types of lung cancer:
1. 85% Non small cell lung cancers (NSCLC)
2. 15% Small cell lung cancers (SCLC)
1. Within the NSCLC there are rare specific cell mutations such as:
-EGFR producing too much EGFR protein, common in adenocarcinomas, non smokers and people of Asian origin.
-ALK positive involving tyrosine kinase receptors, this tends to occur in younger, non smokers
-ROS1-positive effecting the ROS1 gene and involve tyrosine kinase proteins. Again often in non smokers.
In addition to NSCLC and SCLC cancers, other rare cancers can also develop in the lung. Such as mesothelioma associated with asbestos exposure, sarcoma, carcinoid tumours, neuroendocrine cancers and Pancoast tumours.
Having a rare form of a common cancer can be just as isolating as having a rare primary cancer. We need to move away from thinking about cancer as a disease of the lungs, bowel, breast etc and start thinking about it at a cell mutation level and treat it with precision and a personalised approach. By attacking the genetic mutation, rather than the bit of the body it effects.
I (Dr G) have appendix cancer but my mutation is commonly found in NSCLC of the adenocarcinoma type! Mind blowing, however I can’t access the drugs as they’re only licensed for lung cancer! Precision oncology is coming, but feels a long way off for stage 4 people at present.
I’ve had the pleasure of connecting with the fabulous Joanna who has stage 4 ALK+ lung cancer and is such an inspiration. Joanna is striving to raise awareness of all lung cancers and to destigmatise its association with smoking. As Joanne says it’s irrelevant whether people smoke or not, no one should be blamed or stigmatised for developing cancer.