11/08/2026
A new 2026 meta-analysis in Molecular Psychiatry, “Cytokine alterations in autism spectrum disorder”, has pulled together 98 studies involving more than 4,200 autistic people and found a clear predominance of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IFN-γ and TNF-α.
This is not new to us.
We have known since 2012 that inflammation, particularly involving the brain and gut, is a major piece of the autism puzzle. We sequence and look for the underlying reasons WHY these cytokines are overexpressing. We look for the drivers, and the very first step in our protocol is always to put out the fire.
It is encouraging to see the research continuing to catch up with what we have been measuring and addressing clinically for years.
Atypical peripheral blood cytokine concentrations have been shown in autism, but no clear pattern has been observed. This systematic review and meta-analysis summarised current state of findings, expanded the range of cytokines, accounted for study risk of bias, and examined relations between cytoki...