03/08/2026
THE SPIRITUAL AND ENERGETIC LINEAGE
Consciousness, the Biofield, and the Healing Presence
Part 2 of 3
A Companion Pre-Read for All Courses — Facebook Blog Series
Steven Goldstein
The First Academic Recognition: Therapeutic Touch
Dolores Krieger (1921–2019) and Dora Kunz (1904–1999)
In 1972, at New York University’s Division of Nursing, something unprecedented occurred: a healing modality based on the conscious direction of the human energy field was taught for the first time within a fully accredited university programme. Dolores Krieger, PhD, RN, Professor of Nursing at NYU, had met Dora Kunz and been transformed by the encounter. Krieger had the academic credibility and the research skills; Kunz had the perceptual gifts and the clinical wisdom. Together they developed Therapeutic Touch — a meditative healing practice adapted from the ancient laying on of hands, designed specifically for health professionals.
Krieger’s central insight — and the insight that made Therapeutic Touch teachable — was that the capacity for healing touch is not a special gift reserved for the few but a natural human capacity that can be developed by anyone who has compassion and the willingness to learn. This was a radical democratisation of healing. It said that the ability to help another person heal through conscious, intentional touch is not magic or mysticism but a trainable clinical skill. That claim has been tested in hundreds of research studies since 1972, and the evidence, while not without controversy, consistently supports the view that something measurable occurs when a skilled Therapeutic Touch practitioner works with a patient.
Dolores Krieger died in 2019 at the age of ninety-seven, still writing. Her final book, A Healer’s Journey to Intuitive Knowing, was completed before her death and published posthumously. She had spent fifty years training nurses, physicians, and other health professionals in Therapeutic Touch, watching it spread from her NYU classroom into hospitals, hospices, and healthcare settings on every continent. The Therapeutic Touch International Association continues her work.
“Healing is not something done to the patient. It is something that happens between the healer and the patient, in the space of genuine compassionate attention.” — Dolores Krieger
The Scientific Foundation: Valerie Hunt and the Measurement of the Field
Valerie V. Hunt (1916–2014)
Valerie Virginia Hunt was Professor Emeritus of the Department of Physiological Sciences at UCLA and the first scientist to measure the human biofield in a laboratory setting. She died in 2014 at ninety-seven — the same age as Krieger, a coincidence that seems fitting given the parallel nature of their contributions.
Hunt’s significance for this lineage is precise: she provided the instrumental measurements that gave the observations of clairvoyants like Dora Kunz and Rosalyn Bruyere their scientific grounding. Working with high frequency electromyographic equipment — initially developed for space biology research with NASA — she detected and recorded electromagnetic field activity at the skin surface adjacent to the traditional chakra locations, in frequency ranges far above those associated with muscle, heart, or brain activity. Normal muscle frequency reaches approximately 225 Hz; the heart reaches 250 Hz. Hunt’s recordings from chakra locations registered signals in the range of 100 to 1600 Hz. Something was there that conventional physiology had not accounted for.
Her Mu Room experiments at UCLA were particularly striking. The Mu Room was a shielded chamber in the Physics Department in which the electromagnetic environment could be altered without affecting oxygen content. When the room’s electromagnetic field was depleted, subjects became disoriented, anxious, and lost proprioceptive awareness of their own bodies.
Aura readers described the energy as becoming incoherent, scattered, and disconnected. When normal electromagnetic levels were restored, subjects regained clarity, emotional stability, and bodily self-awareness. Hunt concluded that the human energy field is not an epiphenomenon of biological processes but a primary organisational system — that we are, in some fundamental sense, electromagnetic beings, and that the quality of the field determines the quality of the biology.
Her book Infinite Mind: Science of the Human Vibrations of Consciousness, published in 1996, remains one of the most rigorous scientific accounts of the human energy field ever produced. She wrote: “I can no longer consider the body as organic systems or tissues.
The body is a flowing, interactive electrodynamic energy field.” That sentence, from a UCLA professor of physiological sciences with fifty years of laboratory research behind her, is not a mystical claim. It is a scientific conclusion.
“The body is a flowing, interactive electrodynamic energy field.” — Valerie V. Hunt, Infinite Mind, 1996
The Great Map-Maker: Barbara Brennan
Barbara Ann Brennan (1939–2022)
Barbara Brennan was a former NASA research physicist who became, through a process of personal spiritual development and clinical observation spanning decades, the most systematic and detailed cartographer of the human energy field the Western healing tradition has produced. She died on October 3, 2022, aged eighty-three. Her two foundational texts — Hands of Light: A Guide to Healing Through the Human Energy Field (1987) and Light Emerging: The Journey of Personal Healing (1993) — remain the most comprehensive accounts of energetic anatomy, energetic diagnosis, and energetic healing in the Western literature.
Her path from physics to healing is worth tracing, because it is itself a model of how scientific rigour and perceptual development can be held together rather than placed in opposition. Working as a research scientist at NASA in the 1960s, Brennan became aware of perceptual capacities she had not previously recognised or cultivated. Over the following decades she trained extensively — with Rosalyn Bruyere, with John Pierrakos in Core Energetics, with spiritual teachers in several traditions — while developing her own capacity to perceive and work with the human energy field with increasing precision.
What distinguished Brennan from other clairvoyant healers was not simply the clarity of her perceptions but her insistence on systematic description.
Hands of Light documents the structure of the human energy field in extraordinary detail — the seven layers of the auric field, the structure and function of each chakra, the relationship between energy field disturbances and physical and psychological pathology, and the specific healing techniques for addressing each layer. The maps she produced are not presented as revealed truth but as clinical observations, offered to practitioners as working hypotheses to be tested against their own experience.
The Barbara Brennan School of Healing, which she founded and which continues to train practitioners internationally, carries this spirit of rigorous inquiry into its curriculum. It is a four-year professional training that combines energetic healing technique with personal development work, psychological understanding, and scientific grounding. The insistence on personal development as an inseparable component of healing training — the recognition that the practitioner’s own unresolved material directly affects the quality of their healing work — is one of the School’s most important contributions to the field.
I attended a weekend introduction to Brennan’s Hands of Light approach in Santa Fe in 1994. That training sits at the direct foundation of the biofield and conscious touch dimensions of my own teaching. What it gave me was not primarily technique but a perceptual education — an extended perception in attending to dimensions of the clinical encounter that the structural and neuromuscular models alone do not reach. Forty years later, that perceptual education remains active in every session.
“You are a creative being in a creative universe. The creative process is the healing process.” — Barbara Brennan
The Engineer and the Healer: Rosalyn Bruyere
Rosalyn L. Bruyere (1943–)
Rosalyn Bruyere is an internationally acclaimed healer, clairvoyant, and ordained minister who brings to her healing work a formation that few in the energetic lineage can match: she trained as an engineer. That combination — precision technical thinking and highly developed perceptual gifts — made her an ideal research partner for Valerie Hunt at UCLA, where she participated in the eight-year research programme on the human electromagnetic field that provided some of the most rigorous early scientific documentation of aura and chakra phenomena.
Her book Wheels of Light: Chakras, Auras, and the Healing Energy of the Body, published in 1989, draws on scientific research, Native American culture, ancient Egyptian and Greek traditions, Hindu philosophy, and Eastern religion to present a uniquely grounded account of the chakra system. Her particular focus on the first chakra — the root, the basic life force, the body’s connection to the earth — reflects a clinical wisdom that more spiritually elevated approaches can miss: that healing begins in the body, in groundedness, in the capacity to be fully present in physical existence before ascending into more refined energetic dimensions.
Barbara Brennan described Bruyere as one of the most important teachers of hands-on healing in the world, and the relationship between the two women — both clairvoyant healers working in the same territory with different emphases and different formations — is a microcosm of how a lineage enriches itself through dialogue rather than uniformity. Bruyere’s Healing Light Center Church in Glendale, California, has offered a four-year training programme for healers for decades, contributing its own generation of practitioners to the field.
The Most Widely Transmitted Practice: Reiki
Mikao Usui, Chujiro Hayashi, Hawayo Takata, and the Western Lineage
Reiki is the most widely practised energy healing modality in the world. Taught in hospitals and hospices on every continent, integrated into palliative care programmes and nursing practice internationally, studied in over a hundred peer-reviewed clinical trials, it is the energetic healing tradition that has most successfully crossed the boundary between complementary practice and mainstream healthcare. That crossing has taken nearly a century and has involved a lineage of transmission that is worth tracing.
Mikao Usui (1865–1926) was a Japanese Buddhist teacher and businessman who, following a period of fasting and meditation on Mount Kurama in 1922, experienced an awakening that he subsequently developed into the system of healing practice he called Usui Reiki Ryoho — the Usui System of Natural Healing. Usui’s original system was more spiritually and meditative in character than the standardised Western Reiki that most practitioners learn today, and the recovery and teaching of his original approach has been an important development in the field over the past two decades.
The transmission to the West came through Hawayo Takata (1900–1980), a Japanese-American woman from Hawaii who received Reiki training in Japan in the 1930s from Chujiro Hayashi, one of Usui’s senior students. Takata brought Reiki to the United States and trained twenty-two Reiki Masters before her death in 1980, each of whom went on to train further teachers, creating the exponential growth of Reiki practice that characterised the 1980s and 1990s. She simplified the system considerably for Western audiences and introduced the three-degree structure — Reiki I, II, and Master — that most Western practitioners still learn.
The research base for Reiki has grown substantially since the early 2000s. Studies have demonstrated significant effects on anxiety, pain, fatigue, and quality of life in clinical populations ranging from cancer patients to post-surgical recovery. The mechanisms remain genuinely uncertain — whether what is transmitted is electromagnetic, biofield-mediated, or something more subtle that current instrumentation cannot resolve — but the clinical effects are sufficiently consistent across enough well-designed studies to take seriously. Shamini Jain’s Consciousness and Healing Initiative has been at the forefront of building this evidence base.
William Rand and the International Center for Reiki Training have been the primary institutional home for Reiki education in the Western world since the early 1990s, providing training standards, lineage verification, and a global community of practitioners. The Holy Fire Reiki system that Rand has developed in recent years represents one of the most significant evolutionary developments in Western Reiki practice.
“The secret art of inviting happiness, the miraculous medicine of all diseases: do not be angry today, do not worry, be grateful, work diligently, be kind to others.” — Mikao Usui, Reiki Precepts
The Bridge Between Body and Spirit: Core Energetics
John C. Pierrakos (1921–2001)
John Pierrakos sits at a precise hinge point in this lineage. He co-founded Bioenergetics with Alexander Lowen — and is therefore part of the somatic revolution traced in the second document of this suite — but his later work, Core Energetics, moved explicitly into spiritual territory that Bioenergetics did not occupy, making him a genuine bridge figure between the somatic and the energetic lineages.
After his separation from Lowen and following the death of his wife Eva Pierrakos — whose Pathwork teachings, delivered through trance channelling over decades, formed the philosophical foundation of Core Energetics — John developed a system of body-centred psychotherapy and spiritual development that works simultaneously with the physical body, the human energy field, the character structure, and what he called the core: the essential self that lies beneath the layers of defence and wounding. Core Energetics holds that the path to the core runs through the body, not around it — that the spiritual journey is inseparable from the somatic journey.
Barbara Brennan studied Core Energetics with Pierrakos, and the influence is unmistakeable in Hands of Light — particularly in the account of character structures and their energetic signatures, which draws directly on the Bioenergetics/Core Energetics understanding of how early wounding organises itself into characteristic patterns of body, energy, and consciousness. The lineage runs: Reich → Lowen/Pierrakos (Bioenergetics) → Pierrakos alone (Core Energetics) → Brennan (Hands of Light). That thread is one of the clearest transmissions in the entire energetic healing tradition.
The Scholar of the Subtle Body: Cyndi Dale
Cyndi Dale (1959–)
Cyndi Dale is the most prolific and academically serious scholar of subtle energy anatomy working in the contemporary healing world. With over forty books to her name — including the award-winning The Subtle Body: An Encyclopedia of Your Energetic Anatomy, winner of four internationally recognised publishers’ awards — she has built the most comprehensive reference library of energetic healing knowledge available to Western practitioners.
The Subtle Body is precisely what its subtitle promises: an encyclopedia. It covers energy-based therapy principles from every major world healing tradition — Ayurveda, Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qigong, Reiki, Kabbalah, shamanic traditions, and many others — alongside the science of subtle anatomy, the role of the chakras and meridians, and the significance of intention in healing. It is the text that no serious practitioner working in the energetic territory can afford not to have read, and it has become the standard reference for practitioners trying to understand how the diverse traditions of energetic healing relate to one another and to contemporary science.
What distinguishes Dale’s work from less rigorous approaches in this field is her consistent attempt to ground energetic concepts in the best available science while maintaining intellectual honesty about where the science ends and informed speculation begins. She does not overclaim. She does not dismiss. She holds the tension between ancient wisdom and modern evidence with a care that models exactly the kind of epistemological integrity that the field needs.
“All medicine is energy medicine. The question is only which aspect of our energetic nature we are choosing to address.” — Cyndi Dale