01/06/2026
Dementia isn’t one-size-fits-all and neither are its symptoms.
Alzheimer’s disease, vascular dementia, frontotemporal dementia and dementia with Lewy bodies are among the most common types – and each affects the brain in different ways.
From memory loss and confusion to changes in behaviour, language or movement, the symptoms can vary widely depending on the type of dementia.
This guide highlights some of the common symptoms linked to each illness, but it’s also important to remember that no two people experience dementia in the same way.
By recognising the different signs, including these lesser-known symptoms, we can spot changes earlier and help more people access an early diagnosis.
[Image description:
A graphic split into four different sections illustrates common symptoms associated with Vascular dementia, Alzheimer's disease, Dementia with Lewy bodies and Frontotemporal dementia. From top left to bottom right:
Central text reads, 'Alzheimer's disease.' This is surrounded by text reading, 'Difficulties with thinking and reasoning; Language problems; Memory problems; Changes to how you see and hear things; Getting lost in a familiar place; Mood changes.' Each piece of text is accompanied by a graphic illustrating the symptom.
Central text reads, 'Vascular dementia.' This is surrounded by text reading, 'Problems planning and organising; Short periods of sudden confusion; Slower speed of thought; Problems concentrating; Trouble following a series of steps; Problems with memory and language.' Each piece of text is accompanied by a graphic illustrating the symptom.
Central text reads, 'Dementia with Lewy bodies.' This is surrounded by text reading, 'Tremors; Depression and anxiety; Hallucinations; Swinging between alertness and sleepiness; Trouble concentrating; Difficulties with walking and movement.' Each piece of text is accompanied by a graphic illustrating the symptom.
Central text reads, 'Frontotemporal dementia.' This is surrounded by text reading, 'Socially inappropriate behaviour; Personality changes; Problems with language; Eating or drinking excessively; Repetitive or obsessive behaviour; Trouble planning and organising.' Each piece of text is accompanied by a graphic illustrating the symptom.]
