European Thyroid Journal

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European Thyroid Journal

The official journal of the European Thyroid Association, publishing basic, translational and clinical thyroidology.
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The European Thyroid Journal publishes papers reporting original research in basic, translational and clinical thyroidology. Original contributions cover all aspects of the field, from molecular and cellular biology to immunology and biochemistry, from physiology to pathology, and from pediatric to adult thyroid diseases with a special focus on thyroid cancer. Readers also benefit from reviews by

noted experts, which highlight especially active areas of current research. The journal will further publish formal guidelines in the field, produced and endorsed by the European Thyroid Association.

08/06/2026

New retrospective case series by Liyona Kampel et al. explores the histopathologic changes induced by neoadjuvant therapies and their association with radiologic responses in patients with advanced DTC.

The observations made in the study suggest distinct responses to specific neoadjuvant therapies. Tumours treated with lenvatinib showed marked vascular remodeling, reduced microvessel density, and prominent lymphocytic infiltration whereas tumours treated with dabrafenib/trametinib showed predominant tumour fibrosis without similar vascular or immune changes.

These insights provide a basis for further investigation and may help inform future therapeutic decision-making.

Read the research: https://doi.org/10.1530/ETJ-25-0394

02/06/2026

Should the UK adapt its newborn screening programme to detect central congenital hypothyroidism (CeCHT)?

A new study by Catherine Peters et al. retrospectively evaluated 118 individuals with CeCHT managed across four UK tertiary centres, examining clinical characteristics, time to diagnosis, and diagnostic pathways.

The results of the study, alongside current European Thyroid Association guidance, highlight the need for further evaluation of the prevalence of CeCHT and the overall value of screening for CeCHT in the UK.

Read the article: https://doi.org/10.1530/ETJ-26-0014

25/05/2026

🌍 Today is World Thyroid Day

World Thyroid Day is an opportunity to recognise the global thyroid community — from those working directly with patients and advancing research, to patient advocates and the wider community championing awareness of thyroid health and disease.
It’s also a moment to reaffirm our shared commitment to people living with thyroid conditions.

This year, the European Thyroid Association highlights the importance of nutrition in supporting thyroid function and overall health, calling for greater awareness and global action.

🔗 Read the ETA Public Health Board Statement:
https://etj.bioscientifica.com/page/wtd/world-thyroid-day-2026

20/05/2026

A new retrospective cohort study by Paulo Alonso Garcia Alves-Junior et al. investigates the relationship between sodium-iodide symporter (NIS) transcription and protein expression in pediatric differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). The study evaluates NIS protein expression by immunohistochemistry in tumor and adjacent nontumoral thyroid tissues and tumor SLC5A5 mRNA expression (the encoding gene of NIS) by quantitative real-time PCR.

The study found that significant differences exist in NIS expression between pediatric thyroid tumors and adjacent nontumoral tissue, with a lower proportion of NIS-positive tumors compared with SLC5A5-high cases. No associations were observed between NIS protein detection or SLC5A5 expression and clinical features, histology, tumor aggressiveness, or treatment response.

Read the article: https://doi.org/10.1530/ETJ-25-0237

14/05/2026

We’re pleased to announce a new European Thyroid Journal collection, 'Thyroid Disease and Pregnancy: Update on Diagnosis, Treatment and Outcomes', developed in collaboration with collection editors Associate Professor Stine Linding Andersen, Professor Onyebuchi Okosieme and Professor Kris Gustave Poppe.

This collection will review the current state-of-art on the management of maternal hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism in pregnancy with a clinical focus on diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes.

If you work in this space and are interested in contributing to this collection, please get in touch with your proposal: [email protected]

🔗 Learn more about the collection: https://etj.bioscientifica.com/page/pregnancy/thyroid-diseaseand-pregnancy-update-on-diagnosis-treatment-and-outcomes

12/05/2026

Lenvatinib/pembrolizumab combined therapy is currently reimbursed in Italy for the treatment of locally advanced, metastatic and/or recurrent ATCs. Given the paucity of available real‑world data and limited sample sizes, Edoardo Talpacci et al. conducted a retrospective study across 2 Italian reference centres, providing additional real‑world data following the ATLEP study.

In this study, the therapeutic combination achieved a median OS of 10 months and a median PFS of 6.0 months. The ORR and DCR were 37.5% and 68.8%, respectively. Notably, a baseline CONUT score ≤2 resulted in a significantly longer OS, highlighting the potential prognostic value of immune-nutritional status in this context.

🔗 Read the full paper: doi.org/10.1530/ETJ-25-0301

06/05/2026

Could ketogenic metabolism offer a new therapeutic angle for anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC)?

A new study by Jiaqi Wang et al. explores the role of ketone body metabolism in ATC. The authors report that the ketone body metabolite, acetoacetate, inhibits ATC cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and induces cell‑cycle arrest via autophagy. In vivo, a ketogenic diet significantly inhibited tumour growth in ATC xenograft models.

Whilst promising, the study outlines areas for future research before these observations can be translated into clinical interventions. Nonetheless, the study represents an interesting step forward in understanding the role of ketone body metabolism in ATC.

🔗 Read the research: https://doi.org/10.1530/ETJ-25-0305

28/04/2026

Amiodarone‑induced thyrotoxicosis (AIT) affects 5–10% of patients on amiodarone therapy in Europe and is associated with increased cardiovascular risk, particularly when left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is impaired. Total thyroidectomy has been proposed as the treatment of choice for persistent AIT and has been shown to improve post‑operative LVEF, but the impact of this improvement on cardiovascular outcomes remains unclear.

New research by Samuel Frey et al. evaluates post‑operative major adverse cardiovascular events and cardiac mortality in patients following total thyroidectomy for AIT, comparing those with and without LVEF impairment and identifying pre‑operative factors associated with these outcomes.

Read the research: https://doi.org/10.1530/ETJ-25-0292

15/04/2026

🤖 AI chatbots are increasingly used in medicine, but how reliable are they when multiple management options are clinically reasonable?

A new nationwide survey conducted by Grigoris Effraimidis et al. collected responses from endocrinologists to clinical vignettes on the management of thyroid nodules with indeterminate cytology and low‑ and low‑to‑intermediate‑risk PTC. These were compared with outputs from four conversational AI models (ChatGPT, Gemini, Copilot, and DeepSeek), assessing agreement with endocrinologists’ predominant answers, concordance with guidelines, temporal stability, and inter‑model consistency.

The study found substantial variability across AI models, limited temporal reproducibility, and poor alignment with clinical practice. The study highlights the need for ongoing evaluation of the models before they can be safely relied upon for clinical decision-making

Read the full article: https://doi.org/10.1530/ETJ-25-0385

07/04/2026

A new article by Joëlle Wiersema et al. reports on a global collaborative effort involving two rounds of quality‑control exchange among five laboratories with extensive experience in performing diverse deiodinase assays using radioactive tracers.

The study evaluates the feasibility of external quality assurance in deiodinase and thyroid hormone metabolism research, with the goal of improving the comparability of assay results across laboratories.

The findings highlight substantial inter‑laboratory differences and suggest that this initiative may represent an important first step toward greater harmonisation of assays used in basic thyroid hormone research.

Read the full article: doi.org/10.1530/ETJ-26-0041

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