08/05/2026
Major Modifiable Risk Factors (Controlled)These are factors that can be changed through lifestyle or medical intervention:High Blood Pressure (Hypertension): The most common risk factor, involved in roughly 50% of heart attacks and strokes.Smoking: To***co use, including vaping/smoking, significantly damages blood vessels and heart health.Unhealthy Diet: Diets high in saturated fats, trans fat, sodium, and ultra-processed foods, which can increase the risk of heart disease by 19%.High Cholesterol: High LDL (bad) cholesterol and low HDL (good) cholesterol levels.Diabetes and High Blood Sugar: Damages blood vessels and increases heart attack risks.Physical Inactivity & Obesity: A sedentary lifestyle and high waist circumference significantly elevate risks.Substance Abuse: Stimulants like co***ne and amphetamines can trigger coronary artery spasms.Non-Modifiable Risk FactorsAge: Risk increases for men over 45 and women over 50 or post-menopause.Family History: History of early heart disease in immediate family (e.g., parents or siblings) increases risk.Ethnicity: South Asian ancestry is associated with higher risk.
