Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine

Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine (JRM) is an international, non-profit, Open Access journal, publishing articles on a broad range of topics within the field.

The journal strives to provide its readers with a variety of topics, including: functional assessment and intervention studies, clinical studies in various patient groups, methodology in physical and rehabilitation medicine, epidemiological studies on disabling conditions and reports on vocational and sociomedical aspects of rehabilitation. The journal is read by a wide group of healthcare profess

ionals including specialists in rehabilitation medicine, neurology, clinical neurophysiology, general medicine, psychologists, physiotherapists, occupational therapists and social workers.

Who may benefit from robot-assisted gait training with an exoskeleton in subacute stroke patients? A prespecified analys...
17/06/2026

Who may benefit from robot-assisted gait training with an exoskeleton in subacute stroke patients? A prespecified analysis

Authors: Won Hyuk Chang, Tae-Woo Kim, Hyoung Seop Kim, Fazah Akhtar Hanapiah, Jong Weon Lee, Seung-Hyeon Han, Chai Wen Jia, Dae Hyun Kim, Deog Young Kim

Stroke survivors often need help learning to walk again. This study compared conventional and an exoskeletal wearable robot-based gait training to see what helps patients walk independently after treatment. We found that having some baseline leg strength was important for both types of therapy. But the other keys to success were quite different. When it comes to conventional gait training, it is really important to start the exercises as soon as possible after the stroke. For patients using an exoskeletal wearable robot, the time since their stroke was less important. Instead, it was their good cognitive function that made them successful. This suggests that using an exoskeletal wearable robot to train their gait could be a great option for stroke survivors to recover, even if it has been a while since their stroke. However, it is important to make sure the patient has the cognitive ability to actively use the technology.

https://doi.org/10.2340/jrm.v58.45822

The association of daily urinary and bowel incontinence with emotional functioning in young adults with spina bifida: an...
17/06/2026

The association of daily urinary and bowel incontinence with emotional functioning in young adults with spina bifida: an ecological momentary assessment study

Authors: Devon J. Hensel, Audrey I. Young, Konrad M. Szymanski

Many young adults with spina bifida experience bladder and bowel leakage, but clinic visits often rely on people remembering and summarizing their symptoms over long periods. In this study, we asked participants to report their experiences each day for one month using simple phone-based check-ins. We found that leakage does not affect every day in the same way. On days when symptoms were more frequent or harder to manage, participants reported worse mood, more worry, and were more likely to avoid activities. These day-to-day experiences also related to overall quality of life at the end of the month. For clinical practice, this means that “average” symptom reports may miss important patterns. Tracking symptoms in real time can help clinicians and patients better understand what is happening in daily life and tailor treatment plans to support independence, participation, and well-being.

https://doi.org/10.2340/jrm.v58.45594

Medical complications in children with central nervous system injuries during inpatient rehabilitationAuthors: Kristine ...
15/06/2026

Medical complications in children with central nervous system injuries during inpatient rehabilitation

Authors: Kristine Marie M. Vege, Grethe Månum, Katharina S. Sunnerhagen, Frank Becker

We studied medical complications in children admitted to specialized rehabilitation after acquired injury to the central nervous system; 64 patients aged 2–17 years participated. Medical complications that were ongoing or occurring during the stay were registered. Together with the responsible physicians, consequences of the complications were also assessed. In total, 59 of the 64 patients experienced medical complications. The most common were sleep disturbances, pain, constipation, anaemia, infections, spasticity, and malnutrition. A total of 183 complications were registered. Of these, 75% were assessed to not have any consequences for the rehabilitation process. Malnutrition, infections, and spasticity, however, stood out and would often lead to interrupted or prolonged stays, altered rehabilitation goals, and worsened functional prognoses.

https://doi.org/10.2340/jrm.v58.44907

Effect of home-based rehabilitation in frail older adults after cardiac surgery: a prospective feasibility studyAuthors:...
04/06/2026

Effect of home-based rehabilitation in frail older adults after cardiac surgery: a prospective feasibility study

Authors: Ambre Komonski, Killian Jouanneau, Anne Sophie Boureau, Jeremie Huet

Frail older adults often have a harder time recovering after heart surgery. They may lose strength, balance, and independence in the weeks following discharge from hospital. Exercise programmes can help, but many patients cannot attend specialized rehabilitation centres. We looked at whether a simple home-based exercise program called Vivifrail could be used safely and realistically by older adults after cardiac surgery. The programme includes strength, balance, and mobility exercises designed for frail individuals. We followed patients aged 75 years and older who started the programme after surgery at Nantes University Hospital. We measured their mobility, balance, and strength at the start and again 6 weeks later. Most patients agreed to try the programme, and more than half of them completed it. Overall physical performance improved during the 6 weeks. These results suggest that a home-based programme like Vivifrail may help frail older adults recover after heart surgery, especially when access to rehabilitation centres is limited.

https://doi.org/10.2340/jrm.v58.45667

Suprapubic catheter insertion in people with multiple sclerosis: long-term complications and survival in a retrospective...
04/06/2026

Suprapubic catheter insertion in people with multiple sclerosis: long-term complications and survival in a retrospective cohort study

Authors: Lisa Grandidge, Amin Mohamed Abu Baker, Steven Kennish, Krishnan Padmakumari Sivaraman Nair

Many people living with multiple sclerosis develop urinary bladder problems as the disease progresses. These problems can make it difficult to empty their urinary bladder properly and may lead to infections, leakage, and a reduced quality of life. When other treatments are no longer effective, a small tube called a suprapubic catheter can be placed directly into the urinary bladder through a small opening in the lower abdomen to help drain urine. In this study, we looked at people with multiple sclerosis who had this procedure and followed their health over several years. We found that the procedure was generally safe and that most people lived for many years after it was inserted. The results suggest that suprapubic catheters can be a useful long-term option for managing bladder problems in people with advanced multiple sclerosis, assisting physicians and patients in making informed treatment decisions.

https://doi.org/10.2340/jrm.v58.45600

Occupational performance priorities and outcomes in long-term transitional rehabilitation for young adults with acquired...
04/06/2026

Occupational performance priorities and outcomes in long-term transitional rehabilitation for young adults with acquired brain injury

Authors: Charlotte Heurlin, Marie-Louise Schult, Aniko Barfai, Annelie Rosén, Jan Ekholm, Monika Löfgren

During the period between 18 and 25 years of age, independent living, working life, and relationships are established. The period is demanding, even without cognitive impairments, and young adults with cognitive impairments due to a brain injury have problems, e.g., engaging in meaningful daily activities and professional development. A new type of long-term (7 years) transitional rehabilitation service has been established to meet the needs of young adults with brain injury. On admission, the young adults participating in the rehabilitation service identified 122 important activity problems, among which the most important were related to work, school, and leisure. The performance of the activities was rated as impaired, and satisfaction with performance was rated as low. On discharge, the ratings had improved. The young adults had developed in a positive manner during these years, but there is no definite conclusion as to what extent this improvement is due to normal development or the rehabilitation interventions.

https://doi.org/10.2340/jrm.v58.45144

The effect of combined motor and cognitive rehabilitation on motor performance in Parkinson’s disease: a systematic revi...
25/05/2026

The effect of combined motor and cognitive rehabilitation on motor performance in Parkinson’s disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Authors: Luisa Cacciante, Alex Lando, Emine Gulden Ozcan, Daniela D’Imperio, Roberto Meroni, Agnieszka Guzik, Mariusz Drużbicki, Błażej Cieślik, Paweł Kiper

Parkinson’s disease affects movement, thinking, and everyday independence. Rehabilitation programmes sometimes combine physical exercises with cognitive training, but it is unclear whether this approach is better than physical therapy alone. This study reviewed and analysed results from previous studies involving people with Parkinson’s disease. The authors compared physical rehabilitation alone with programmes that combined motor and cognitive training, focusing on walking, balance, daily activities, and quality of life. The results showed that combining motor and cognitive training did not clearly improve walking ability compared with physical therapy alone. However,
people who received combined training showed a small but meaningful improvement in quality of life or daily activities, such as dressing or moving around at home. These findings suggest that motor-cognitive rehabilitation may help people with Parkinson’s disease manage everyday tasks. Further research is needed to identify effective and personalized rehabilitation approaches.

https://doi.org/10.2340/jrm.v58.45360

Non-inferiority of digitally assisted outpatient rehabilitation in patients with back pain: 12-month follow-up of a rand...
20/05/2026

Non-inferiority of digitally assisted outpatient rehabilitation in patients with back pain: 12-month follow-up of a randomized controlled trial

Authors: Richard Albers, Stella Lemke, David Fauser, Franziska Schäffer, Sebastian Knapp, Gert Krischak, Matthias Bethge

This study looked at whether a partly digital back pain rehabilitation program could work just as well as a traditional, fully in-person version. Adults with back pain took part in a 3-week outpatient rehabilitation program focused on exercises and education. One group completed the entire program in person, while the other group completed the exact same program with some parts, such as the educational content, delivered digitally. After 1 year, both groups showed similar improvements in how confident they felt about managing their pain. The partly digitally delivered program was found to be just as effective as the in-person program. This matters because it shows that adding digital elements to rehabilitation can maintain quality while offering greater flexibility. Making parts of the treatment digital can save time, reduce travel, and help people stick to their rehabilitation – especially those with busy schedules or limited access to clinics.

https://doi.org/10.2340/jrm.v58.44366

Prognostic profiles for discharge destination identified during intensive care unit admission: a decision tree analysisA...
20/05/2026

Prognostic profiles for discharge destination identified during intensive care unit admission: a decision tree analysis

Authors: Sho Otsubo, Daisuke Kawakami, S***a Okuno, Kenta Kawamitsu, Shumpei Yoshino

Planning discharge for patients admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) can be challenging. It is often difficult to predict whether a patient will be able to return home or require transfer to another facility after hospitalization. In this study, we used a decision tree method to identify patient “profiles” associated with discharge destination. These profiles were defined by combinations of illness severity, length of ICU stay, physical function on ICU discharge, and age. We found that patients with prolonged ICU stays despite lower illness severity were more likely to require non-home discharge. In contrast, patients with preserved minimal mobility and younger age were more likely to return home, even when illness severity was higher. These findings may help clinicians anticipate discharge needs and support early rehabilitation planning during ICU admission. Further studies are needed to confirm these results.

https://doi.org/10.2340/jrm.v58.44237

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