12/17/2022
What makes lunasin a unique and potent anti-inflammatory agent
The medical establishment has not been receptive to the use of natural bioactive agents as anti-inflammatory agents because of the lack of molecular mechanisms of action. Unlike most natural bioactive agents identified to have anti-inflammatory properties, lunasin has both biochemical (signal transduction pathway) and epigenetic mechanisms of action, making it a unique and more potent anti-inflammatory agent.
1) Lunasin has an RGD (arginine-glycine-aspartic acid) cell adhesion motif that attaches specifically to the a5b3 integrin receptor, the cell membrane receptor of the LPS (lipopolysaccharide) bacterial endotoxins that can elicit a strong immune and inflammatory response in our body. The competitive binding of lunasin to the LPS-specific integrin receptor inhibits the signal transduction pathway that activates NFkappaB, the master regulator of inflammation response, and prevents the expression of pro-inflammatory genes.
References: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=lunasin%20and%20inflammation
2) Lunasin has a chromo-binding motif that binds to histone H4 tail and inhibits H4-lysine 8 acetylation (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3210036/). A recent publication in Science has revealed that H4-lysine 5 and H4-lysine 8 acetylation are required by BET (bromodomain and extra terminal domains) proteins to target and rapidly increase expression of pro-inflammatory genes induced by inflammatory signals (https://science.sciencemag.org/content/368/6489/387). By inhibiting H4-lysine 8 acetylation, lunasin prevents BET proteins from targeting and activating genes involved in the inflammation response, thereby reducing expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNFa (tumor necrosis factor a), IL-1 (interleukin-1) and IL-6 (interleukin-6).