09/02/2026
When it comes to improving flexibility, passive stretching may have a meaningful advantage over active stretching.
Passive stretching uses an outside force—such as a strap, wall, partner, or gravity—to help hold the position while the target muscle remains relaxed. Active stretching relies on your own muscular effort to create and maintain the stretch.
A 2023 systematic review of 41 studies found that passive stretching produced what researchers described as a “large effect” on range of motion—nearly a full standard deviation improvement in joint flexibility. Active stretching showed more moderate gains.
The difference may come down to how far you can comfortably move. External support may help you reach a deeper position than your muscles could manage on their own, without being limited as quickly by fatigue or discomfort in surrounding muscles.
Both approaches can support flexibility. Active stretching also engages the muscles as they lengthen and does not require assistance or equipment.
If your primary goal is improving range of motion, the available research suggests that passive stretching may be worth prioritizing. As with any wellness practice, listen to your body and move within a comfortable range. Save this post as a reminder for your next stretching routine.