JAMA Otolaryngology—Head & Neck Surgery

09/07/2026

In patients with , a tissue-informed assay was detected pretreatment in most patients and showed high sensitivity and specificity during surveillance.

Performance was similar in patients with human papillomavirus–positive and human papillomavirus–negative disease, supporting the feasibility of this individualized approach for disease monitoring.

https://ja.ma/4dlJ7ew

09/07/2026

A 51-year-old woman presented with a 2-month progressively enlarging right nasal lesion and 1 week of painful oral lesions limiting her oral intake. She also noted painful, erythematous nodules on her arms and hands. What is your diagnosis?

A 51-year-old woman presented with a 2-month progressively enlarging right nasal lesion and 1 week of painful oral lesions limiting her oral intake. She also noted painful, erythematous nodules on her arms and hands. What is your diagnosis?

09/07/2026

Among older adults with , both unilateral and bilateral improved self-reported hearing aid benefit at 3 months. Bilateral fitting was associated with greater self-reported benefit than unilateral fitting, although the clinical meaning of the between-group difference remains uncertain.

This randomized clinical trial assesses whether bilateral hearing aid use provides more benefit as measured using the Abbreviated Profile of Hearing Aid Benefit score compared with a unilateral hearing aid use in US older adults.

09/07/2026

In patients with -positive from NRG Radiation Therapy Oncology Group 1016, imaging-detected extranodal extension on pretreatment was independently associated with worse overall survival and progression-free survival. Patients with imaging-detected extranodal extension also had higher rates of locoregional failure and distant metastasis, supporting its prognostic relevance in clinical risk assessment.

This prognostic study of patients enrolled in a large oncology clinical trial supports the incorporation of imaging-detected extranodal extension screening into tumor-node-metastasis staging for human papillomavirus–mediated oropharyngeal cancer.

09/06/2026

In eligible patients with intermediate-risk molecular who underwent surgery, and total thyroidectomy were both used in practice, and the rate of completion thyroidectomy after lobectomy was consistent with the institutional baseline.

Most patients had low recurrence risk by American Thyroid Association guidelines, which supports further study of de-escalated surgery in selected patients.

https://ja.ma/4iOKjKX

09/06/2026

A 37-year-old woman presented with vision changes. She had unilateral optic neuritis on magnetic resonance imaging and elevated angiotensin-converting enzyme and lysozyme levels.

📄 What is your diagnosis?

https://ja.ma/4xdKq6z

09/06/2026

📣 Special Communication: For patients with undergoing surgical planning, first-line localization includes and technetium Tc 99m sestamibi single-photon emission computed tomography with or without computed tomography.

For revision surgery or more complex cases, 4-dimensional computed tomography or choline-based positron emission tomography with or without computed tomography may be considered, but the choice should balance radiation exposure, availability, and cost.

https://ja.ma/4zZTWwu

09/06/2026

Among patients with in the cohort with long-term follow-up, promoter variants were associated with worse disease-specific survival and progression-free survival, independent of age and pathologic tumor, node, and metastasis categories.

Older patients without TERT promoter variants had substantially better outcomes than older patients with TERT promoter variants, indicating that TERT status may provide more biologically grounded prognostic information than age alone.

https://ja.ma/4xB77T6

08/30/2026

A 25-year-old female patient reported noticing a lesion in the left maxillary region 8 years prior and presented with an enlarged left-sided facial mass. What is your diagnosis?

A 25-year-old female patient reported noticing a lesion in the left maxillary region 8 years prior and presented with an enlarged left-sided facial mass. What is your diagnosis?

08/29/2026

A 58-year-old woman presented with a 2-day history of sore throat and progressive right-side pharyngeal discomfort. Endoscopic examination revealed a smooth submucosal mass in the right peritonsillar region with visible pulsation. What is your diagnosis? https://ja.ma/4wTJxQc